President of the Republic of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov marked significant role of theaters during the Great Patriotic War
During the Great Patriotic War, theaters played a significant role in the fight against fascism. This was stated today by the President of Tatarstan Rustam Minnikhanov at a meeting of the Republican Organizing Committee "Победа (Victory)".
“The activities of the country's theaters during the Great Patriotic War played a significant role in the fight against fascism. Theater artists performed in the fields, in hospitals and archives. They worked to maintain the spirit of the fighters, giving hope of victory, ”said the President of the Republic of Tajikistan.
In her speech, the Minister of Culture of the Republic of Tajikistan Irada Ayupova said that the first front-line concert brigades in the republic were created at the end of 1941. Artists of the opera theater, philharmonic society, song and dance ensemble, Kazan drama theaters formed teams of readers, vocalists, dancers, accordionists, instrumentalists performed concerts in hospitals and military units in our country.
According to her, during the years of war in Tatarstan, 18 creative collectives were formed, which on 11 fronts gave more than 2000 concerts and showed over 70 performances. As part of these brigades famous artists of Kazan theaters: Khalil Abzhalilov, Gulsum Bulgarian, Munir Bulatov, Fátima Ilskaya, Galia Kaybitskaya, Maryam Rakhmankulova, Faizullah Tuishev, Hadicha Nureyev, Gani Valiev, Faizi Bikkenin, Faizi Yusupov, Zaytuna Fetkulova and others went to the front.
“During the Great Patriotic War, a large branch activity was launched by a branch of the Tatar State Academic Theater - now the Karim Tinchurin Theater, which performed a lot on collective and state farms, became recognizable in the republic. During the spring sowing season of 1943, more than 17,000 people watched performances and concerts in the Buinsky district alone. On April 20, 1944, the theater collective was awarded the title “Republican Mobile Theater,” said Irada Ayupova.
By the way, today in the museum of the K. Tinchurin Theater there are unique documents of the war years: posters, reviews of performances and concerts, orders about activities during the war years, statements and other documents indicating a dynamic creative process.
The minister recalled that during the years of the Great Patriotic War, the nature and activities of museums changed. Many expositions were curtailed, research activities were reduced, mass-political work received a wide scope.
Significantly reduced staff of the Central Museum of the TASSR. Leading experts went to the front, including the director - Grigory Borisovich Vakhlamov. In July 1941, only 11 out of 64 employees remained in the museum.
Part of the museum premises was given to a school, the building of which was occupied by a hospital; in another part, the Kazan Art School was located. The main part of the museum was occupied by the USSR Aeroflot Administration, evacuated to Kazan.
A number of archives and museum valuables were exported to Kazan from Moscow and Leningrad: the manuscripts of the Pushkin House of the USSR, Academy of Sciences — the original manuscripts of G. R. Derzhavin, M. V. Lomonosov, A. S. Pushkin, M. Y. Lermontov, S. A.Esenin, V.V. Mayakovsky and other prominent prose writers and poets. Kazan house-museum of V.I. Lenin, who continued its work during the war years, accepted for storage a number of authentic monuments of the Central Museum of V.Lenin.
The main form of mass political and educational work at this time was the organization of exhibitions-movements. The expositions took place in the foyer of central cinemas, in hospitals, agitation centers, military units, as well as at collective and state farms. Lectures were held and speeches of Kazan and evacuated writers and scientists were organized.
“In total, during the war years, the Central Museum organized about 30 traveling exhibitions. In 1941-1942, the Gorky Museum created 15 exhibitions, served 62 collective farms, held 156 lectures and performances in hospitals, ”the speaker informed.
Separately, the Minister of Culture of the Republic of Tatartsna Irada Ayupova dwelled on the activities of writers and poets of Tatarstan who were in the thick of things: they were fighters, political workers, correspondents of newspapers. A large group of Tatar writers in 1942-1943. were seconded to the editorial Tatar front newspapers. During the war, 64 front-line newspapers were published in national languages, 16 of them in Tatar. The Tatar publishing house has published 220 books by Tatarstan writers and poets with a total circulation of more than 1.5 million copies.
The composer community of Tatarstan also contributed to the country's victory. Of the 108 works written during this period, 72 were military-patriotic (“To the Motherland!”, “To War, Comrades” by M. Mouzafarov; “Blood for Blood!” By J. Fayzi, N. Zhiganov’s opera “Ildar”, “ Tulyak "; M. Muzafarov -" Zulkhabir "; M. Yudin -" Farida ", etc.). In the fairy-tale opera Altynchach, by N. Zhiganov, staged in 1941, the theme of the people's struggle against the oppressors sounded more acute than ever and symbolic.
Selflessly sharing with his people all the wartime, many Tatar cultural figures and art did not return from the fields of the Great Patriotic War. 34 writers of the republic gave their lives for the freedom of the Fatherland: Mukhamet Ableyev, Aitsak Aitov, Nur Bayan, Miftah Vadut, Hamit Kaveev, Fatykh Karim, Adel Kutui, Hayretdin Mugai and others. On August 25, 1944, eleven members of the Tatar underground group of the Idel-Ural Legion, who went down in history as Dzhalilov members, were executed in the Pötzensee Prison in Berlin. In the fall of 1943, the young composer, the author of the first Tatar ballet "Shurale" Farid Yarullin, heroically died.
Irada Ayupova finished her speech with a poem by the Tatar poet Fatih Karim “The Oath”. For military service, he was awarded the Order of the Red Star and medals, posthumously - the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree.